PRESENT HEALTH STATUS IN INDIA

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 PRESENT HEALTH STATUS IN INDIA 


India's population, as per 2011 stood at 1.21 billion (0.62 billion males and 0.588 billion females). There are great inequalities in health between states. The infant mortality in Kerala is 6 per thousand live births, but in Uttar Pradesh it is 64.
 


Health issues


     Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in a person's intake of energy and/or nutrients. The term malnutrition covers 2 broad groups of conditions. One is under nutrition - which includes stunting (low height for age), wasting (low weight for height), underweight (low weight for age) and micro nutrient deficiencies or in-sufficiencies (a lack of important vitamins and minerals). The other is overweight - overweight, obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases (such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes and cancer).
 

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES 


Diseases such as dengue fever, hepatitis, tuberculosis, malaria and pneumonia continue to plague India due to increased resistance to drugs. 

HIGH INFANT MORTALITY RATE 


Despite health improvements over the last thirty years, lives continue to be lost to early childhood diseases, inadequate newborn care and childbirth-related causes. More than two million children die every year from preventable infections.

SANITATION


In 2008 there were more than 122 million households that had no toilets, and 33% lacked access to toilets, over 50% of the population (638 million) defecated in the open.(2008 estimate)
 

Initiatives taken by the government and people 

The Indian government has implemented several initiatives over the past few decades to boost healthcare opportunities and access in both rural areas and urban slums. International researchers and organizations have cited the need to implement more long-term solutions to permanently improve slum health; they argue that government-funded programs like the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) or the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) have a short-lived impact. The National Immunization Programme, a notable example, prioritized providing vaccinations to slum-dwellers to reduce spread of infectious disease, but research suggests that the efficacy of this program was limited because slum residents remain unaware of the significance of being immunized.


Programmes taken for communicable diseases

  • National Viral Hepatitis Control Program (NVHCP)
  • Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme(IDSP)
  • Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme(RNTCP)
  • National Leprosy Eradication Programme(NLEP)
  • National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme



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